Cell Damaging Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

EPFRs can be environmentally persistent but also biologically active by generating cell damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS induce oxidative stress, a defense mechanism in the body where the immune system “over-responds” to invaders. When this process is started by free radicals it becomes a contributor to heart and lung dysfunction as well as DNA damage. This works by the EPFR’s ability to “piggy-back” on particulate matter (PM) which is then inhaled and transferred to the alveolar region of the lungs. This site will easily transport particles to other tissues in the body because of its close relation to the blood stream and the high amount of blood flow.

http://www.srp.lsu.edu/files/item24088.pdf